Artificial burrow sizes for capturing the North American invasive crayfish <i>Procambarus clarkii</i>.

Programs for invasive research in North American zoos and aquariums.

Zoo-based research in North America is an emerging field, which has progressed from an ad hoc approach in a small number of zoos to a coordinated, integrated network of scientists with recognized research programs in approximately one half of the accredited institutions in North America. The disciplines most active in these programs--veterinary medicine and pathology, nutrition, reproductive bi...

Invasive dreissenid mussels benefit invasive crayfish but not native crayfish in the Laurentian Great Lakes

Article history: Received 26 September 2016 Accepted 12 January 2017 Available online 1 March 2017 Invasive ecosystem engineers, such as dreissenid mussels, may facilitate subsequent invaders. Despite their potential ecological importance, interactions between dreissenid mussels and crayfish in the Laurentian Great Lakes have received little research attention. Invasive rusty crayfish (Orconect...

Impacts of the North American signal crayfish (Pacifastacus leniusculus) on European ecosystems

As a vector of the crayfish plague (Aphanomyces astaci), invasive crayfish pose a major threat to endemic crayfish species in Europe. But do they affect whole ecosystems and fish species as well? A comprehensive review was done using online search engines on current literature to elucidate possible crayfish effects. It showed that they have the potential to decimate benthic invertebrate populat...

The ( North ) American English

Parental care and clutch sizes in North and South American birds.

The evolutionary causes of small clutch sizes in tropical and Southern Hemisphere regions are poorly understood. Alexander Skutch proposed 50 years ago that higher nest predation in the south constrains the rate at which parent birds can deliver food to young and thereby constrains clutch size by limiting the number of young that parents can feed. This hypothesis for explaining differences in c...